Product List
- cycloidal-planetary-gear-speed-reducer
- gear-reducer
- planet-gear-speed-reducer
- Gear-motor
- Worm-gear-reducer
- Harmonic reducer
- elevator
- Stepless reducer
- Special-reducer
- clutch
- support
- Three-reduction-box
- Belt-reduction-box
- Enterprise standard reducer (device)
- coupler-coupling
- Precision reducer
- Combined speed reducer
- Taiwan-foreign-reducer
- arrester
- motorized pulleys ;
- Electric
- Backstop
- asynchronous-motor
- synchronous-motor
- bearing enelosure; bearing oil seal ;
- Reducer fittings
- Lubricating oil, lubricating grease
Basic knowledge of container
A Container (container)
A so-called container , is a certain strength, stiffness and specifications designed for working with large cargo containers. Use container transhipment cargo , directly in the shipper's warehouse loading , unloading shipped to the consignee 's warehouse , halfway replacement car, boat , no need to dress up the goods removed from the box . According to the type of goods loaded with cargo containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, reefer containers, etc. ; press the manufacture of materials , with wood containers, steel containers , aluminum containers, glass, steel containers, stainless steel containers, etc. ; by the structure with foldable containers, stationary containers, etc. , in the fixed points can be airtight container containers, open top containers, pallet containers, etc. ; according to total weight of the points, there are 30 tons of container , container 20 tons , 10 tons of container , 5 tons of container , 2.5 tons of container and so on.
2 containers ( also known as the container ) types :
( 1 ) according to specifications Dimensions points : At present, the international community usually used dry container (DRYCONTAINER) are:
Outer dimensions of 20 feet X8 X8 feet feet 6 inches , referred to as 20 -foot container ;
X8 X8 ft 40 ft ft 6 inch, or 40-foot container ; and in recent years, greater use of 40 feet X8 X9 feet feet 6 inches , or 40-foot high cabinet .
20 -foot container: content plot for 5.69 m X2.13 m X2.18 m, picking gross weight is generally 17.5 tons , a volume of 24-26 cubic meters.
40 -foot container: content plot for the 11.8 m X2.13 m X2.18 m, picking gross weight is 22 tons , a volume of 54 m3 .
40-foot container : content plot for the 11.8 m X2.13 m X2.72 m . Picking gross weight is 22 tons , a volume of 68 m3 .
45 foot container: content plot for : 13.58 m X2.34 m X2.71 m , picking gross weight is 29 tons , a volume of 86 m3 .
20-foot open top container : content plot for 5.89 m X2.32 m X2.31 m, picking 20 tons gross weight , volume of 31.5 cubic meters .
40-foot open top container : content plot for 12.01 m X2.33 m X2.15 m, picking gross weight 30.4 tons , volume 65 m3 .
20-foot flat-bottomed container : content plot 5.85 m X2.23 m X2.15 m, picking 23 tons gross weight , volume of 28 cubic meters .
40-foot flat-bottomed container : content plot 12.05 m X2.12 m X1.96 m, picking 36 tons gross weight , volume of 50 cubic meters .
( 2 ) according to the system box material points: aluminum containers , steel containers, fibreboard container , glass and steel containers.
( 3 ) by Use : There are dry container ; refrigerated containers (REEFER CONTAINER); hanging clothes container (DRESS HANGER CONTAINER); open top container (OPENTOP CONTAINER); framework container (FLAT RACK CONTAINER); tank containers (TANK CONTAINER) 3. container transport relations side: mainly: NVOCC , container actual carrier , container leasing companies, container yards and container freight station.
( A ) non-vessel operators (NON-VESSEL OPERATING COMMON CARRIER: NVOCC): They specialize in container cargo canvassing, devanning , inland transportation and operating transfer station or inland station business , you can have the actual means of transport , or not available. terms of the real owner , he is a carrier , and the actual carrier , he has the shipper , usually NVOCC shall be governed by the laws of the host country , registered in the relevant government departments .
( 2 ) the actual carrier (ACTUAL CARRIER): master container transport vehicles and participating carrier usually has a large container , in order to facilitate container turnover , allocation, management, and container and travel machine interface .
( 3 ) container leasing companies (CONTAINER LEASING COMPANY): container rental business specializing in new industries.
( 4 ) Container Yard (CONTAINER YARD: CY): refers to handle heavy container or empty container handling, transport , storage and transfer of the place.
( 5 ) Container Freight Station (CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION: CFS): a place to deal with LCL , LCL it handled the transfer , loading stowage , will box sent CY, CY handed and accept imports of goods boxes for unpacking, tally , custody , and finally heads of the consignee at the same time can also be commissioned by the carrier issuing the receipt station seals and other services .
Two . Container External dimensions (container's overall external dimensions)
Including containers , including permanent attachment largest container exterior length , width and height dimensions. It is to determine whether the container ship , chassis , trucks , rail vehicles facelift between the main parameters . The transport sector is an important technique to master data .
Three . Container size (container's internal dimensions)
The maximum length of the container interior , width and height dimensions. Height of the tank bottom plate surface to the bottom of the distance of the top plate , the width is the distance between the two inner lining , door side length is measured to the container end wall lined distance between the plates . It determines the contents of the container volume and the maximum size of the cargo box .
Four . Container content volume (container's unobstructed capacity)
Container size calculated according to the loading volume . Same size container , due to structural and manufacturing of different materials , the contents of a slightly different plot . Contents of the container volume is the department or other packing material must grasp the important technical information.
V. The unit containers (twenty-feet equivalent units referred to : TEU)
Conversion units , also known as 20 feet , is to calculate the number of conversion units Container . Most of the current national container transport , have adopted 20 feet and 40 feet long two containers. In order to compute unified Container Number , the 20 feet container as a unit , as two 40-foot containers computing unit , in order to facilitate the operation of unified computing the amount of container .
VI. Container Leasing (container leasing)
That everyone will use empty containers leased to a business person . One container owner for rental containers, and use of man , usually shipping companies or shippers, the party is the lessee , the lease contract signed by both parties . Provided by the lessor by the lessee of qualified container used within the agreed terms . Container leasing, internationally in many different ways , to sum up: voyage charter , time charter , demand for rental and lease trade area resistance and so on.
Seven . Container loading areas (container terminal)
Is container transport , container or cargo handling specific handling department custody exchange . It is commissioned by the carrier or its agent to carry out the following activities: FCL freight for the exchange of custody ; has a container freight station who handle LCL handover ; arrange container ship berthing , loading and unloading containers, preparation of each voyage stowage plan ; handle the compilation of shipping documents signed ;
Container inspection preparation and execution of access and use of vehicles for the transfer of documents ; handle containers and vehicles , loading and unloading of a tool inspection, maintenance, and cleaning of empty containers , fumigation , etc. ; empty containers , delivery, storage and safekeeping ;
Arrangement of empty containers and stacking heavy boxes in yard , and the preparation of site allocation plan ; other related businesses work .
Container loading areas are generally dedicated terminal , front, yard, freight terminal , control tower , repair department , gates and office components. Sometimes freight station yard or can be extended to the city internal affairs 5-15 km transit station.
Eight . Container front yard (marshalling yard)
Refers to the front of the container terminal , ship loading and unloading operations to accelerate temporarily stacked containers venue . Its role is : When the container ship to Hong Kong before a planned orderly stowage requirements according to the concentration of export containers neatly stacked , unloading import containers will be temporarily stacked in front of the dock , to accelerate the loading and unloading ships .
Nine . Container rear yard (container yard)
Heavy container or empty containers for transfer , storage and stockpiling of the place. Some countries have made no distinction between the container yard in front yard or rear yard , collectively known as the yard. Rear yard container handling area is an integral part of the container . Container transport " field to field " transfer mode FCL handle the transfer of the place ( actually in the container unloading area " front door " for the handover ) .
X. empty container yard (van pool)
Specialized handling of empty containers to collect, keep , stockpiling or transfer of venue. It is designed for container handling area or transfer station yard inadequate when I set up . This does not apply for re- yard box or cargo transfer . It can operate alone , but also by the container handling areas outside the region, separate . Some countries , such empty container yard operations , shall Maritime Conference Statement .
Eleven . Transit station or within Road Station (container depot or inland depot)
Outside the harbor container transport transit station or distribution center. In addition to its role without special container ship loading and unloading operations , the rest are the same as with container handling operations . Transit station or inland station metrics , including container handling port urban transit stations, inland city , river ports inland stations are included.
XII. Container Freight Station (container freight station abbreviation : CFS)
Boxing and unboxing of LCL ship and cargo sides handle the transfer of the place. Carrier at a port or inland cities can only entrust a container freight station operators. Behalf of the carrier by its conduct following principal activities:
LCL cargo handling and transfer ; any abnormal appearance of the goods inspection , it for endorsement ; LCL with stowage boxes and packing ; imported goods unboxing unboxing and custody ; behalf of the carrier leaded seal and issue a receipt station ; handle the preparation of various documents and so on.
Thirteen . Responsibility of the shipper (shipper's liabilities)
The shipper in the container transport due responsibility, which is not exactly the same as the traditional maritime areas . LCL shipper's responsibility and the same traditional sea . Responsibility of the shipper FCL Unlike traditional transportation are: cargo information quoted should ensure correct and complete ; carrier is entitled to check the box of goods , costs incurred due to check with the shipper ; customs or other authority unpacking inspection , the cost and the resulting cargo damage occurs by the shipper ; such as container cargo dissatisfied or bad pad , stowed improperly installed or not suitable container transportation of goods, thus causing damage, poor , there is responsibility of the shipper ; such as the use of the unseaworthiness of the shipper 's own container , cargo damage caused by accident , the shipper shall be responsible for ; container carrier in the use of third party property and equipment, resulting in the meantime or damage to life , the shipper shall be responsible for compensation.
XIV. Limitation of Liability (limits of liability)
Container transport cargo damage occurs , the carrier should bear the maximum amount of compensation . LCL traditional transportation limitations and the same obligations . FCL compensation in accordance with a number of current international jurisprudence : If not specified in the bill of lading of goods loaded inside the number of pieces , each box as a claims unit ; such as the bill of lading cargo box number of pieces , based upon the number of calculation ; damage and loss if the goods do not belong shipping, but occurred in inland transport , land transport maximum compensation press handle ; such as containers are provided by the shipper when all or , in case of loss or damage , indeed the carrier should bear its responsibilities who should be regarded as a claims unit .
Fifteen . Same responsibility (uniform liability system)
CTO liability for damage to the goods as a liability regime. According to this system, unified by a through bill of lading issued by the carrier to shippers bear full responsibility, that cargo damage occurs regardless of which stage of transport , according to the same responsibility for content. If you can identify the stage of transport damage occurs , intermodal carrier compensation later, you can transport to the actual carrier recovery section .
Sixteen . Mesh accountability (network liability system)
CTO liability for damage to the goods as a liability regime. According to this system , through bill of lading issued by the carrier , although still negative for the entire transport cargo responsibility, but in case of damages did not like the same responsibility , but by stage of transport damage occurred responsibility of content. For example, the damage occurred in the maritime transport stage , according to the rules of international freight handling ; such as occurred in the rail or road transport stage , according to relevant international or national law.
Seventeen of shipping containers Association rules (container rules of freight conference)
In some countries, container ship routes , the shipping conferences to monopolize their container transport on the route , were all developed using the supplier 's container transport rules . These rules , is done by the Association for the guild operating routes within the situation developed . Therefore, the Association's rules vary in content , but the basic spirit is the same, namely the responsibility of both the cargo is the same . Rules generally include the following aspects:
Container handling port , distribution transport ; container transport explanation of the jargon ; transfer mode of transport both cargo liability ; booking procedures and cargo information reporting ; various terms , including bills of lading, plus grant terms , provisions and contingencies harbor provisions ;
Bill of lading ; equipment handover procedures , the use of free time and demurrage charges be collected ; delivery procedures ; freight calculation and payment ; various cost items total income approach , the rate change regulations ; currency devaluation , value-added requirement ;
Inland transport requirements and fees .
Eighteen . Transfer mode (receiving and delivery system)
Container transport , FCL and LCL cargo transfer between the two sides in the following ways :
Door to door (door to door): the shipper is responsible for loading the containers , warehouses or factories in their library for the carrier acceptance, responsible for the entire transport until the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse until delivery box . This whole transport connection , known as the " door to door" transportation ;
Door scene (door to cy): by the consignor warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or unloading boxes yard container handling area ;
Arrival gate (door to cfs): by the consignor warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or unloading boxes container freight stations ;
Field -to-door (cy to door): from the port of departure or packing container terminal yard to the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse ;
Farm scene (cy to cy): from the port of departure or packing container terminal yard to the destination or unloading boxes yard container handling area ;
Field station (cy to cfs): from the port of departure or packing container terminal yard to the port of destination or unloading boxes container freight station ;
Station -to-door (cfs to door): from the port of departure or packing container freight station to the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse ;
Station scene (cfs to cy): from the port of departure or packing container freight station to the destination or unloading boxes yard container handling area ;
Station to station (cfs to cfs): from the port of departure or packing container freight station to the destination or unloading boxes container freight stations ;
Nineteen . FCL (full container load abbreviation : FCL)
Relative terms for the LCL . By the consignor is responsible for packing , counting , stowage and seals plus freight . FCL unpacking, generally handled by the consignee . But can also be entrusted to the carrier at the freight station unpacking . But the carrier is not responsible for the tank damage, poor . Unless cargo carrier accidents are indeed proof of damage , the carrier was responsible for compensation. FCL cargo carrier to box for the transfer of units . As long as the container is similar in appearance to close and seal tank full , the carrier is complete carrier liability . FCL freight bill of lading , to add the "principal packing, counting and seals plus " clause.
Twenty . LCL (less than container load abbreviation : LCL)
FCL relative term referring to not fill a small ticket FCL cargo. Such goods are usually were canvassing by the carrier and container freight station or inland stations concentrated, and after two ticket or two votes more cargo consolidation in a container , the same in the destination container freight station or within landing stations were unpacking delivery . For this cargo carrier to pay boxing and unboxing operations , loading the cargo still unpacking fee charged . The responsibility of the carrier LCL is basically the same as the conventional cargo transportation .
XXI. Boxes digit (number of slots)
Full Container Ship Container number that can be documented . Each one dedicated full container vessels , are expressed in units of 20 ft converted its container capacity .
XXII. Boxes bits (slots)
In the container yard , in accordance with the appropriate scale container painted to indicate a regular grid container stacking position . In the slot on the assigned numbers to facilitate shipment.
XXIII. Arranging (bay number)
Horizontally in a dedicated container ship stowage position . Numbering is from bow to stern so marked : 01,02,03 ...... .
XXIV. Row number (row number)
Also known as the column number , container ship in the column dedicated stowage position . There are two label methods: one is to the right side from the port so marked : 01,02 ...... The other is from the middle of the left and right sub-standard . Portside as a single number, compiled from the midline to the left as: 01,03,05 ...... midline double to starboard Code Number: 02,04,06 ...... .
Xxv. Layer number (tier number)
Container ship in the exclusive location of stand volume set . No method of deck and compartment two kinds. Number of top-down and so on deck number, and the number with a "D" word . Numbering from top to bottom so the cabin number and the number with an "H" word .
XXVI. Boxes bit number (slot number)
Containers on board stowage position . Consists of six digits, the first two numbers are Arranging the middle two digits are the line number , the latter two figures are the number of layers . For example, this box is a bit 0402D1 container stowage starboard side in the fourth row of the second line of the first layer of the deck .
Xxvii. Container stowage plan (pre-stowage plan)
Container ship packing scheme plans . PCWA According to boxing. Stowage plan by the Ocean Shipping Company under the booking list , packing it and yard stowage planning. The consent of the ship and the ship's arrival consent, that line shipment. In the case of half-way through Hong Kong , the ship is equipped with a container ship on the information should be telegraphed stowage, such as call back later according to the preparation . Stowage plan is a container ship and each column of each row of the cross-sectional and layered composition. For stowage , you must meet the following requirements:
Ensure that the ship the ship's longitudinal strength and stability ; maintain the desired trim , the ship sailed to obtain the best performance results , which has good maneuverability and speed ; most rational use of the ship's deadweight and tank capacity ;
Ensure that the container in the cabin intact and safe on deck ; want to consider ease of loading and unloading operations ; multi port loading and unloading must note the following handling in port not to cause turned compartment.
Xxviii. Station receipts (dock receipt) carrier commissioned container handling areas , transfer stations or inland station receives FCL or LCL issued after receipt. Station receipts prepared by the consignor . Like Shipment with several containers , the first packing it with acceptance, until the last one container inspection is completed, only the administrator by the Hong Kong Station Station sign on the receipt . Station received FCL cargo , such as a box loaded exterior appearance or packaging , went LCL , should add annotations. Station receipts role equivalent to the traditional transport of mate receipt , it is the shipper 's bill of lading to the shipping company in exchange for certificates .
Twenty-nine . EIR (equipment receipt)
Commissioned by the owner or charterer container container handling areas , transfer stations or inland station and cargo box that is used by or on behalf of the transfer of containers between the device and the carrier 's certificate . EIR issued by the carrier or his agent to the cargo, according to the district station to receive or return of heavy boxes or light boxes . EIR first handover Terms of use printed on the back , the main contents of the cargo containers and equipment used in the period , as well as costs incurred in case of equipment and the load, damaged , or lost the division of responsibilities , and the occurrence of the damage to third parties compensation commitments . EIR generally in the district , stood at the gate handle . Equipment including containers, chassis , trolleys and motors . EIR stars " go out " and " door " two.
A Container (container)
A so-called container , is a certain strength, stiffness and specifications designed for working with large cargo containers. Use container transhipment cargo , directly in the shipper's warehouse loading , unloading shipped to the consignee 's warehouse , halfway replacement car, boat , no need to dress up the goods removed from the box . According to the type of goods loaded with cargo containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, reefer containers, etc. ; press the manufacture of materials , with wood containers, steel containers , aluminum containers, glass, steel containers, stainless steel containers, etc. ; by the structure with foldable containers, stationary containers, etc. , in the fixed points can be airtight container containers, open top containers, pallet containers, etc. ; according to total weight of the points, there are 30 tons of container , container 20 tons , 10 tons of container , 5 tons of container , 2.5 tons of container and so on.
2 containers ( also known as the container ) types :
( 1 ) according to specifications Dimensions points : At present, the international community usually used dry container (DRYCONTAINER) are:
Outer dimensions of 20 feet X8 X8 feet feet 6 inches , referred to as 20 -foot container ;
X8 X8 ft 40 ft ft 6 inch, or 40-foot container ; and in recent years, greater use of 40 feet X8 X9 feet feet 6 inches , or 40-foot high cabinet .
20 -foot container: content plot for 5.69 m X2.13 m X2.18 m, picking gross weight is generally 17.5 tons , a volume of 24-26 cubic meters.
40 -foot container: content plot for the 11.8 m X2.13 m X2.18 m, picking gross weight is 22 tons , a volume of 54 m3 .
40-foot container : content plot for the 11.8 m X2.13 m X2.72 m . Picking gross weight is 22 tons , a volume of 68 m3 .
45 foot container: content plot for : 13.58 m X2.34 m X2.71 m , picking gross weight is 29 tons , a volume of 86 m3 .
20-foot open top container : content plot for 5.89 m X2.32 m X2.31 m, picking 20 tons gross weight , volume of 31.5 cubic meters .
40-foot open top container : content plot for 12.01 m X2.33 m X2.15 m, picking gross weight 30.4 tons , volume 65 m3 .
20-foot flat-bottomed container : content plot 5.85 m X2.23 m X2.15 m, picking 23 tons gross weight , volume of 28 cubic meters .
40-foot flat-bottomed container : content plot 12.05 m X2.12 m X1.96 m, picking 36 tons gross weight , volume of 50 cubic meters .
( 2 ) according to the system box material points: aluminum containers , steel containers, fibreboard container , glass and steel containers.
( 3 ) by Use : There are dry container ; refrigerated containers (REEFER CONTAINER); hanging clothes container (DRESS HANGER CONTAINER); open top container (OPENTOP CONTAINER); framework container (FLAT RACK CONTAINER); tank containers (TANK CONTAINER) 3. container transport relations side: mainly: NVOCC , container actual carrier , container leasing companies, container yards and container freight station.
( A ) non-vessel operators (NON-VESSEL OPERATING COMMON CARRIER: NVOCC): They specialize in container cargo canvassing, devanning , inland transportation and operating transfer station or inland station business , you can have the actual means of transport , or not available. terms of the real owner , he is a carrier , and the actual carrier , he has the shipper , usually NVOCC shall be governed by the laws of the host country , registered in the relevant government departments .
( 2 ) the actual carrier (ACTUAL CARRIER): master container transport vehicles and participating carrier usually has a large container , in order to facilitate container turnover , allocation, management, and container and travel machine interface .
( 3 ) container leasing companies (CONTAINER LEASING COMPANY): container rental business specializing in new industries.
( 4 ) Container Yard (CONTAINER YARD: CY): refers to handle heavy container or empty container handling, transport , storage and transfer of the place.
( 5 ) Container Freight Station (CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION: CFS): a place to deal with LCL , LCL it handled the transfer , loading stowage , will box sent CY, CY handed and accept imports of goods boxes for unpacking, tally , custody , and finally heads of the consignee at the same time can also be commissioned by the carrier issuing the receipt station seals and other services .
Two . Container External dimensions (container's overall external dimensions)
Including containers , including permanent attachment largest container exterior length , width and height dimensions. It is to determine whether the container ship , chassis , trucks , rail vehicles facelift between the main parameters . The transport sector is an important technique to master data .
Three . Container size (container's internal dimensions)
The maximum length of the container interior , width and height dimensions. Height of the tank bottom plate surface to the bottom of the distance of the top plate , the width is the distance between the two inner lining , door side length is measured to the container end wall lined distance between the plates . It determines the contents of the container volume and the maximum size of the cargo box .
Four . Container content volume (container's unobstructed capacity)
Container size calculated according to the loading volume . Same size container , due to structural and manufacturing of different materials , the contents of a slightly different plot . Contents of the container volume is the department or other packing material must grasp the important technical information.
V. The unit containers (twenty-feet equivalent units referred to : TEU)
Conversion units , also known as 20 feet , is to calculate the number of conversion units Container . Most of the current national container transport , have adopted 20 feet and 40 feet long two containers. In order to compute unified Container Number , the 20 feet container as a unit , as two 40-foot containers computing unit , in order to facilitate the operation of unified computing the amount of container .
VI. Container Leasing (container leasing)
That everyone will use empty containers leased to a business person . One container owner for rental containers, and use of man , usually shipping companies or shippers, the party is the lessee , the lease contract signed by both parties . Provided by the lessor by the lessee of qualified container used within the agreed terms . Container leasing, internationally in many different ways , to sum up: voyage charter , time charter , demand for rental and lease trade area resistance and so on.
Seven . Container loading areas (container terminal)
Is container transport , container or cargo handling specific handling department custody exchange . It is commissioned by the carrier or its agent to carry out the following activities: FCL freight for the exchange of custody ; has a container freight station who handle LCL handover ; arrange container ship berthing , loading and unloading containers, preparation of each voyage stowage plan ; handle the compilation of shipping documents signed ;
Container inspection preparation and execution of access and use of vehicles for the transfer of documents ; handle containers and vehicles , loading and unloading of a tool inspection, maintenance, and cleaning of empty containers , fumigation , etc. ; empty containers , delivery, storage and safekeeping ;
Arrangement of empty containers and stacking heavy boxes in yard , and the preparation of site allocation plan ; other related businesses work .
Container loading areas are generally dedicated terminal , front, yard, freight terminal , control tower , repair department , gates and office components. Sometimes freight station yard or can be extended to the city internal affairs 5-15 km transit station.
Eight . Container front yard (marshalling yard)
Refers to the front of the container terminal , ship loading and unloading operations to accelerate temporarily stacked containers venue . Its role is : When the container ship to Hong Kong before a planned orderly stowage requirements according to the concentration of export containers neatly stacked , unloading import containers will be temporarily stacked in front of the dock , to accelerate the loading and unloading ships .
Nine . Container rear yard (container yard)
Heavy container or empty containers for transfer , storage and stockpiling of the place. Some countries have made no distinction between the container yard in front yard or rear yard , collectively known as the yard. Rear yard container handling area is an integral part of the container . Container transport " field to field " transfer mode FCL handle the transfer of the place ( actually in the container unloading area " front door " for the handover ) .
X. empty container yard (van pool)
Specialized handling of empty containers to collect, keep , stockpiling or transfer of venue. It is designed for container handling area or transfer station yard inadequate when I set up . This does not apply for re- yard box or cargo transfer . It can operate alone , but also by the container handling areas outside the region, separate . Some countries , such empty container yard operations , shall Maritime Conference Statement .
Eleven . Transit station or within Road Station (container depot or inland depot)
Outside the harbor container transport transit station or distribution center. In addition to its role without special container ship loading and unloading operations , the rest are the same as with container handling operations . Transit station or inland station metrics , including container handling port urban transit stations, inland city , river ports inland stations are included.
XII. Container Freight Station (container freight station abbreviation : CFS)
Boxing and unboxing of LCL ship and cargo sides handle the transfer of the place. Carrier at a port or inland cities can only entrust a container freight station operators. Behalf of the carrier by its conduct following principal activities:
LCL cargo handling and transfer ; any abnormal appearance of the goods inspection , it for endorsement ; LCL with stowage boxes and packing ; imported goods unboxing unboxing and custody ; behalf of the carrier leaded seal and issue a receipt station ; handle the preparation of various documents and so on.
Thirteen . Responsibility of the shipper (shipper's liabilities)
The shipper in the container transport due responsibility, which is not exactly the same as the traditional maritime areas . LCL shipper's responsibility and the same traditional sea . Responsibility of the shipper FCL Unlike traditional transportation are: cargo information quoted should ensure correct and complete ; carrier is entitled to check the box of goods , costs incurred due to check with the shipper ; customs or other authority unpacking inspection , the cost and the resulting cargo damage occurs by the shipper ; such as container cargo dissatisfied or bad pad , stowed improperly installed or not suitable container transportation of goods, thus causing damage, poor , there is responsibility of the shipper ; such as the use of the unseaworthiness of the shipper 's own container , cargo damage caused by accident , the shipper shall be responsible for ; container carrier in the use of third party property and equipment, resulting in the meantime or damage to life , the shipper shall be responsible for compensation.
XIV. Limitation of Liability (limits of liability)
Container transport cargo damage occurs , the carrier should bear the maximum amount of compensation . LCL traditional transportation limitations and the same obligations . FCL compensation in accordance with a number of current international jurisprudence : If not specified in the bill of lading of goods loaded inside the number of pieces , each box as a claims unit ; such as the bill of lading cargo box number of pieces , based upon the number of calculation ; damage and loss if the goods do not belong shipping, but occurred in inland transport , land transport maximum compensation press handle ; such as containers are provided by the shipper when all or , in case of loss or damage , indeed the carrier should bear its responsibilities who should be regarded as a claims unit .
Fifteen . Same responsibility (uniform liability system)
CTO liability for damage to the goods as a liability regime. According to this system, unified by a through bill of lading issued by the carrier to shippers bear full responsibility, that cargo damage occurs regardless of which stage of transport , according to the same responsibility for content. If you can identify the stage of transport damage occurs , intermodal carrier compensation later, you can transport to the actual carrier recovery section .
Sixteen . Mesh accountability (network liability system)
CTO liability for damage to the goods as a liability regime. According to this system , through bill of lading issued by the carrier , although still negative for the entire transport cargo responsibility, but in case of damages did not like the same responsibility , but by stage of transport damage occurred responsibility of content. For example, the damage occurred in the maritime transport stage , according to the rules of international freight handling ; such as occurred in the rail or road transport stage , according to relevant international or national law.
Seventeen of shipping containers Association rules (container rules of freight conference)
In some countries, container ship routes , the shipping conferences to monopolize their container transport on the route , were all developed using the supplier 's container transport rules . These rules , is done by the Association for the guild operating routes within the situation developed . Therefore, the Association's rules vary in content , but the basic spirit is the same, namely the responsibility of both the cargo is the same . Rules generally include the following aspects:
Container handling port , distribution transport ; container transport explanation of the jargon ; transfer mode of transport both cargo liability ; booking procedures and cargo information reporting ; various terms , including bills of lading, plus grant terms , provisions and contingencies harbor provisions ;
Bill of lading ; equipment handover procedures , the use of free time and demurrage charges be collected ; delivery procedures ; freight calculation and payment ; various cost items total income approach , the rate change regulations ; currency devaluation , value-added requirement ;
Inland transport requirements and fees .
Eighteen . Transfer mode (receiving and delivery system)
Container transport , FCL and LCL cargo transfer between the two sides in the following ways :
Door to door (door to door): the shipper is responsible for loading the containers , warehouses or factories in their library for the carrier acceptance, responsible for the entire transport until the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse until delivery box . This whole transport connection , known as the " door to door" transportation ;
Door scene (door to cy): by the consignor warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or unloading boxes yard container handling area ;
Arrival gate (door to cfs): by the consignor warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or unloading boxes container freight stations ;
Field -to-door (cy to door): from the port of departure or packing container terminal yard to the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse ;
Farm scene (cy to cy): from the port of departure or packing container terminal yard to the destination or unloading boxes yard container handling area ;
Field station (cy to cfs): from the port of departure or packing container terminal yard to the port of destination or unloading boxes container freight station ;
Station -to-door (cfs to door): from the port of departure or packing container freight station to the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse ;
Station scene (cfs to cy): from the port of departure or packing container freight station to the destination or unloading boxes yard container handling area ;
Station to station (cfs to cfs): from the port of departure or packing container freight station to the destination or unloading boxes container freight stations ;
Nineteen . FCL (full container load abbreviation : FCL)
Relative terms for the LCL . By the consignor is responsible for packing , counting , stowage and seals plus freight . FCL unpacking, generally handled by the consignee . But can also be entrusted to the carrier at the freight station unpacking . But the carrier is not responsible for the tank damage, poor . Unless cargo carrier accidents are indeed proof of damage , the carrier was responsible for compensation. FCL cargo carrier to box for the transfer of units . As long as the container is similar in appearance to close and seal tank full , the carrier is complete carrier liability . FCL freight bill of lading , to add the "principal packing, counting and seals plus " clause.
Twenty . LCL (less than container load abbreviation : LCL)
FCL relative term referring to not fill a small ticket FCL cargo. Such goods are usually were canvassing by the carrier and container freight station or inland stations concentrated, and after two ticket or two votes more cargo consolidation in a container , the same in the destination container freight station or within landing stations were unpacking delivery . For this cargo carrier to pay boxing and unboxing operations , loading the cargo still unpacking fee charged . The responsibility of the carrier LCL is basically the same as the conventional cargo transportation .
XXI. Boxes digit (number of slots)
Full Container Ship Container number that can be documented . Each one dedicated full container vessels , are expressed in units of 20 ft converted its container capacity .
XXII. Boxes bits (slots)
In the container yard , in accordance with the appropriate scale container painted to indicate a regular grid container stacking position . In the slot on the assigned numbers to facilitate shipment.
XXIII. Arranging (bay number)
Horizontally in a dedicated container ship stowage position . Numbering is from bow to stern so marked : 01,02,03 ...... .
XXIV. Row number (row number)
Also known as the column number , container ship in the column dedicated stowage position . There are two label methods: one is to the right side from the port so marked : 01,02 ...... The other is from the middle of the left and right sub-standard . Portside as a single number, compiled from the midline to the left as: 01,03,05 ...... midline double to starboard Code Number: 02,04,06 ...... .
Xxv. Layer number (tier number)
Container ship in the exclusive location of stand volume set . No method of deck and compartment two kinds. Number of top-down and so on deck number, and the number with a "D" word . Numbering from top to bottom so the cabin number and the number with an "H" word .
XXVI. Boxes bit number (slot number)
Containers on board stowage position . Consists of six digits, the first two numbers are Arranging the middle two digits are the line number , the latter two figures are the number of layers . For example, this box is a bit 0402D1 container stowage starboard side in the fourth row of the second line of the first layer of the deck .
Xxvii. Container stowage plan (pre-stowage plan)
Container ship packing scheme plans . PCWA According to boxing. Stowage plan by the Ocean Shipping Company under the booking list , packing it and yard stowage planning. The consent of the ship and the ship's arrival consent, that line shipment. In the case of half-way through Hong Kong , the ship is equipped with a container ship on the information should be telegraphed stowage, such as call back later according to the preparation . Stowage plan is a container ship and each column of each row of the cross-sectional and layered composition. For stowage , you must meet the following requirements:
Ensure that the ship the ship's longitudinal strength and stability ; maintain the desired trim , the ship sailed to obtain the best performance results , which has good maneuverability and speed ; most rational use of the ship's deadweight and tank capacity ;
Ensure that the container in the cabin intact and safe on deck ; want to consider ease of loading and unloading operations ; multi port loading and unloading must note the following handling in port not to cause turned compartment.
Xxviii. Station receipts (dock receipt) carrier commissioned container handling areas , transfer stations or inland station receives FCL or LCL issued after receipt. Station receipts prepared by the consignor . Like Shipment with several containers , the first packing it with acceptance, until the last one container inspection is completed, only the administrator by the Hong Kong Station Station sign on the receipt . Station received FCL cargo , such as a box loaded exterior appearance or packaging , went LCL , should add annotations. Station receipts role equivalent to the traditional transport of mate receipt , it is the shipper 's bill of lading to the shipping company in exchange for certificates .
Twenty-nine . EIR (equipment receipt)
Commissioned by the owner or charterer container container handling areas , transfer stations or inland station and cargo box that is used by or on behalf of the transfer of containers between the device and the carrier 's certificate . EIR issued by the carrier or his agent to the cargo, according to the district station to receive or return of heavy boxes or light boxes . EIR first handover Terms of use printed on the back , the main contents of the cargo containers and equipment used in the period , as well as costs incurred in case of equipment and the load, damaged , or lost the division of responsibilities , and the occurrence of the damage to third parties compensation commitments . EIR generally in the district , stood at the gate handle . Equipment including containers, chassis , trolleys and motors . EIR stars " go out " and " door " two.